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The Ultimate Guide to Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon)

Updated: Dec 13, 2024

Are you planning to conquer Wales' highest peak? Here's everything you need to know about climbing Yr Wyddfa, from practical tips to safety information.



Introduction to Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon

Yr Wyddfa, or Snowdon as it's known in English, stands proudly as the highest peak in Wales and England, reaching an impressive 1,085 metres (3,560 feet) above sea level. As the crowning jewel of Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park, this majestic mountain attracts over half a million visitors each year, drawn by its breathtaking views, diverse wildlife, and the challenge of conquering its summit.


Yr Wyddfa is the welsh name for the mountain and can be tricky to pronounce. Follow the guide from Eryri National Park team to try to pronounce the popular mountain:


How to pronounce Yr Wyddfa, Snowdon’s Welsh name

  • “Yr” is pronounced “Uhr"

  • “Wydd” is pronounced “With”

  • “Fa” is pronounced, “Va.”

Pronouncing Welsh names can be a tricky task to master if you’re new or unfamiliar with the language. However, giving it a go is always better than worrying too much about the perfect pronunciation. Welsh is spoken by 58% of Eryri’s population and it’s highly likely that you will come across the language somewhere in the National Park. Asking a Welsh-language speaker for pronunciation tips can be a great start.


History of Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon

Yr Wyddfa has a rich history steeped in Welsh folklore and legend. According to one tale, the mountain is the burial place of the giant Rhitta Gawr, who wore a cloak made of men's beards. He was said to have been killed by King Arthur and buried under a cairn of stones on the mountain's summit.


The mountain has also played a significant role in Welsh culture and history. It has inspired poets and artists for centuries, including the renowned Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym. In more recent history, Yr Wyddfa has been a training ground for mountaineers, including Sir Edmund Hillary, who prepared here for his successful ascent of Mount Everest in 1953.


Weather Information

The weather on Yr Wyddfa can be notoriously changeable and often more severe than in the valleys below. It's essential to check the forecast before setting out and be prepared for all conditions. On average, the summit experiences:

  • Temperatures about 10°C lower than at sea level

  • Wind speeds that can exceed 100mph in extreme conditions

  • Over 200 days of rainfall per year

For up-to-date weather information, check the Met Office's dedicated mountain weather forecast for Snowdonia.


There are several car parks available for those planning to climb Yr Wyddfa:

Pen y Pass: The most popular and often busiest car park. Booking in advance is essential, especially during peak seasons.



Nant Peris: A park and ride service to Pen y Pass is available from here.



Llanberis: Ample parking for those using the Llanberis Path.



Rhyd Ddu: Free parking available for the Rhyd Ddu Path.



Bethania: For those using the Watkin Path.



It's advisable to arrive early, especially during summer months and weekends, as car parks can fill up quickly.


There are also issues with visitors parking along the narrow, winding roads and knocking down stone walls that take meticulous and skilled work to build. The roads themselves can become overcrowded with both walkers and their cars and camper vans, making local communities lives harder. It can be difficult for buses, ambulances and other large vehicles to get down these roads so please be aware of the affect you are having on the local communities who so gracefully manage the tourism in the area.


Eryri National park has even made a parking app with sensors that can help you in your quest for a parking spot in the park.


The Parcio Eryri Parking app helps you find available parking in the north of Eryri National Park. Using real-time data and sensors, the app will direct you to the most convenient parking around the most popular areas of the Park.


To find available parking, open the app to reveal the map. The coloured icons (red, green, and amber) indicate the number of car parks which are available.


Tapping a map icon will give you more information about the parking arrangements in that area. This includes hours of operation, time limits, parking fees, and other restrictions, if applicable.


You can download the app here:


FAQs

Is Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon easy to climb?

While Yr Wyddfa is considered a moderate climb, it's not to be underestimated. The mountain offers routes suitable for various skill levels, from gentle ascents to more challenging scrambles. The Llanberis Path is often recommended for beginners, while experienced hikers might prefer the more challenging Crib Goch route.


How long does it take to climb Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

The time taken to climb Yr Wyddfa varies depending on the chosen route and individual fitness levels. On average, allow 6-8 hours for a round trip. Here's a rough guide for some popular routes:

  • Llanberis Path: 5-7 hours

  • Miners' Track: 6-8 hours

  • Pyg Track: 6-8 hours

  • Watkin Path: 6-8 hours


What should I pack to climb Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

Essential items for your Yr Wyddfa adventure include:

  • Sturdy, waterproof hiking boots

  • Waterproof jacket and trousers

  • Warm layers (avoid cotton)

  • Hat and gloves

  • Backpack

  • Plenty of water (at least 2 litres per person)

  • High-energy snacks and lunch

  • Map and compass (and know how to use them)

  • First aid kit

  • Mobile phone (fully charged)

  • Sunscreen and sunglasses


When should I climb Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

The best time to climb Yr Wyddfa is generally from late spring to early autumn (May to September). This period offers milder weather and longer daylight hours. However, the mountain can be climbed year-round by properly equipped and experienced hikers. Always check the weather forecast before setting out, regardless of the season.


Do I need a guide to climb Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

While it's possible to climb Yr Wyddfa without a guide, hiring one can enhance your experience, especially if you're new to mountain hiking or unsure about navigation. Guides can provide valuable insights into the mountain's history, geology, and wildlife, as well as ensure your safety. Several local companies offer guided walks up Yr Wyddfa.


What should I do before climbing Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

Before your climb:

  1. Check the weather forecast and plan accordingly

  2. Inform someone of your planned route and expected return time

  3. Ensure you're physically prepared with some training hikes

  4. Familiarise yourself with your chosen route

  5. Pack your bag the night before, ensuring you have all necessary equipment


What do you get for climbing Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon?

The primary reward for climbing Yr Wyddfa is the sense of achievement and the stunning views from the summit. On a clear day, you can see as far as Ireland, Scotland, and England. At the top, you'll find:

  • A trig point marking the highest point

  • Hafod Eryri, the summit visitor centre (open seasonally)

  • A chance to send a postcard from the highest post box in Wales

Consider getting your achievement certified with TrailMarked for a tangible memento of your accomplishment. COMING SOON

The Main Routes up Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon

Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon offers six main routes to the summit, each with its own unique characteristics and challenges. Here's a detailed breakdown of each path to help you choose the best route for your adventure:


1. Llanberis Path

  • Distance: 9 miles (14.5 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 975m (3,199 ft)

  • Estimated time: 5-7 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 3/5 - Easiest route, but long

  • Starting point: Llanberis village

Route description: The Llanberis Path is the longest but gentlest ascent to the summit. It follows the Snowdon Mountain Railway track for much of its length. The path is well-maintained and gradually climbs the mountain's northwestern slopes. It's the most popular route for first-time climbers and families.



Key features:

  • Passes the halfway house café (seasonal opening)

  • Excellent views of Cwm Brwynog and Llyn Du'r Arddu

  • Chance to see the Snowdon Mountain Railway in action


Llanberis path route map

2. Miners' Track

  • Distance: 8 miles (13 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 723m (2,372 ft)

  • Estimated time: 6-8 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 3.5/5 - Easy start, challenging finish

  • Starting point: Pen y Pass car park


Route description: The Miners' Track begins as a gentle climb along a wide, even path. It passes several lakes before becoming steeper and more challenging as it joins the Pyg Track for the final ascent. The last section involves some scrambling over rocky terrain.



Key features:

  • Passes Llyn Teyrn, Llyn Llydaw, and Glaslyn lakes

  • Historic route once used by miners

  • Spectacular views of Snowdon's horseshoe ridge


    Miner's Track and Pyg Circular route map
    Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon) via Miners' Track and Pyg Circular

3. Pyg Track

  • Distance: 7 miles (11 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 723m (2,372 ft)

  • Estimated time: 6-8 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 4/5 - Consistently steep and challenging

  • Starting point: Pen y Pass car park


Route description: The Pyg Track is shorter but steeper than the Miners' Track. It offers stunning views throughout the ascent. The path is well-defined but includes some steep and rocky sections, particularly near the summit.



Key features:

  • Panoramic views of Snowdon's horseshoe and other peaks

  • Passes close to the knife-edge ridge of Crib Goch

  • Joins the Miners' Track for the final ascent


    Pyg track route map

4. Rhyd Ddu Path

  • Distance: 8.5 miles (13.7 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 895m (2,936 ft)

  • Estimated time: 6-8 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 3.5/5 - Moderate, with some exposed sections

  • Starting point: Rhyd Ddu car park


Route description: The Rhyd Ddu Path is one of the quieter routes up Snowdon. It offers a gradual ascent for most of the way, with some steeper sections and narrow ridges near the top. The path provides excellent views of Moel Hebog and the Nantlle Ridge.



Key features:

  • Less crowded than the eastern routes

  • Passes the obelisk marking the Beddgelert branch of the Welsh Highland Railway

  • Includes a narrow but manageable ridge called Llechog


    Ranger Path Circular
    Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon) via Rhyd Ddu Path and Snowdon Ranger Path Circular

5. Watkin Path

  • Distance: 8 miles (13 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 1,015m (3,330 ft)

  • Estimated time: 7-9 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 5/5 - Most challenging route

  • Starting point: Pont Bethania car park, Nant Gwynant


Route description: The Watkin Path is considered the most challenging route up Snowdon. It starts at the lowest elevation of all the paths and thus has the greatest ascent. The path begins through old copper mines and woodlands before becoming progressively steeper and rougher. The final ascent involves a steep, loose scree slope.



Key features:

  • Passes beautiful waterfalls and old copper mines

  • Offers the greatest height gain of all routes

  • Showcases varied terrain from woodlands to high mountain landscapes


    Watkin Path Route Map

6. Snowdon Ranger Path

  • Distance: 8 miles (13 km) round trip

  • Ascent: 936m (3,071 ft)

  • Estimated time: 6-8 hours round trip

  • Difficulty: 3.5/5 - Moderate, steady climb

  • Starting point: Llyn Cwellyn car park


Route description: Named after the Snowdon Ranger Youth Hostel at its base, this path offers a quieter alternative to the more popular eastern routes. It starts with a gentle incline before becoming steeper as it zigzags up the mountain's western flank. The path is well-defined throughout, with some rocky sections near the summit.



Key features:

  • Less crowded than eastern routes

  • Excellent views of Moel Hebog and Mynydd Mawr

  • Passes the picturesque Llyn Ffynnon-y-gwas lake


Snowdon Ranger Route Path
Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon) via Snowdon Ranger Path

Comparative Difficulty

From easiest to most challenging:

  1. Llanberis Path (3/5)

  2. Miners' Track (3.5/5)

  3. Snowdon Ranger Path (3.5/5)

  4. Rhyd Ddu Path (3.5/5)

  5. Pyg Track (4/5)

  6. Watkin Path (5/5)


Remember, these difficulty ratings are relative to each other. All routes up Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon require a good level of fitness and proper preparation. Always check the weather forecast before setting out, and be prepared to turn back if conditions deteriorate.

The Snowdon Horseshoe: A Guide to Wales' Most Dramatic Ridge Walk

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE: The Snowdon Horseshoe, particularly Crib Goch, is an extremely challenging Grade 1 scramble that should only be attempted by experienced mountaineers with a good head for heights. This route involves exposed ridge walking and scrambling where a fall could be fatal. Do not attempt this route in poor weather conditions, high winds, or if you're inexperienced with scrambling.


Route Overview

  • Distance: 7.5 miles (12 km)

  • Ascent: 1,015m (3,330 ft)

  • Time: 6-8 hours (highly dependent on experience and conditions)

  • Technical Grade: Grade 1 scramble

  • Difficulty: 5/5 - Very challenging

  • Starting/Ending Point: Pen y Pass car park

  • OS Map Required: OS Explorer OL17 Snowdon/Yr Wyddfa


The Route in Detail

Section 1: Pen y Pass to Crib Goch (1.5 miles)

  • Start from Pen y Pass car park (SH 647 555)

  • Follow the Pyg Track initially

  • After approximately 1 mile, look for the clear path branching right towards Crib Goch

  • The path becomes increasingly steep and rocky

  • Scrambling begins as you approach the ridge

Section 2: Crib Goch Ridge (0.8 miles)

WARNING: This is the most exposed and dangerous section.

  • The initial ascent requires careful hand-over-hand scrambling

  • The ridge itself is extremely narrow (in places only a few feet wide)

  • Three pinnacles must be traversed

  • Keep to the crest where the rock is most stable

  • The north face (right) drops almost vertically for over 800 feet

  • Take particular care in windy conditions

Section 3: Crib y Ddysgl (0.7 miles)

  • After Crib Goch, descend slightly to a col

  • Scramble up Crib y Ddysgl (also known as Garnedd Ugain)

  • Less exposed than Crib Goch but still requires careful navigation

  • Second highest peak in Wales at 1,065m

Section 4: Summit Approach and Yr Wyddfa (0.5 miles)

  • Follow the clear path to Yr Wyddfa's summit

  • Join the busy summit area (1,085m)

  • Take time to enjoy the achievement and views

  • Visit Hafod Eryri (the summit building) if open

Section 5: Y Lliwedd (2 miles)

  • Descend southeast towards Y Lliwedd

  • Two main peaks to traverse

  • Less technical than Crib Goch but still exposed in places

  • Excellent views back to Crib Goch and the horseshoe

Section 6: Descent to Pen y Pass (2.5 miles)

  • Follow the path down from Y Lliwedd

  • Join the Miners' Track

  • Pass Llyn Llydaw

  • Return to Pen y Pass


Essential Equipment

Technical Gear

  • Sturdy mountain boots (not walking shoes)

  • Map and compass (and the ability to use them)

  • GPS device as backup

Weather Protection

  • Waterproof jacket and trousers

  • Warm layers (including spares)

  • Hat and gloves

  • Sun protection

Safety Equipment

  • First aid kit

  • Emergency shelter

  • Headtorch

  • Whistle

  • Mobile phone (fully charged)

  • Emergency food and water

Weather Considerations

Before attempting the Snowdon Horseshoe, check:

  • Mountain-specific forecast

  • Wind speeds (avoid if over 20mph)

  • Visibility forecast

  • Precipitation likelihood

  • Temperature at altitude

When to Turn Back

Make the decision to abandon the route if:

  • Visibility drops significantly

  • Wind speeds increase

  • Rain/snow makes rocks slippery

  • You feel uncomfortable with exposure

  • Any member of your party is struggling

Navigation Tips

Key grid references:

  • Pen y Pass car park: SH 647 555

  • Start of Crib Goch scramble: SH 632 551

  • Crib Goch summit: SH 624 551

  • Yr Wyddfa summit: SH 609 543

  • Y Lliwedd summit: SH 619 534


Useful Resources

Weather Forecasts

Route Information

Safety Information

Training and Preparation

Before attempting the Snowdon Horseshoe:

  1. Gain experience on easier scrambles

  2. Practice navigation in clear conditions

  3. Build up fitness on longer mountain walks

  4. Consider joining a guided group first

  5. Take a scrambling course with a qualified instructor

Environmental Responsibility

Remember to:

  • Stick to established paths to prevent erosion

  • Pack out all litter

  • Respect wildlife and plant life

  • Be considerate of other mountaineers

  • Follow the Mountaineering Council of Scotland's Minimal Impact code

Local Guides and Instruction

Consider hiring a qualified mountain guide for your first attempt. Several reputable companies offer guided scrambles on the Snowdon Horseshoe:

Remember: The Snowdon Horseshoe is a serious mountain route that requires experience, good judgment, and appropriate conditions. When in doubt, choose an easier route or seek professional guidance.

Plan Your Trip to Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon

Where to stay:

  1. Llanberis: The closest village to Yr Wyddfa, offering a range of accommodations from hotels to B&Bs and campsites.

  2. Betws-y-Coed: A picturesque village with various lodging options, about 30 minutes drive from Yr Wyddfa.

  3. Beddgelert: A charming village near the start of the Rhyd Ddu path, with several hotels and guesthouses.

  4. Wild camping: While not officially permitted, it's tolerated in some areas of Snowdonia. Always follow Leave No Trace principles.


How to get around:

  • Car: The most flexible option for exploring Snowdonia.

  • Sherpa Bus Service: Connects various car parks and villages around Yr Wyddfa.

  • Train: The Snowdon Mountain Railway offers a scenic ride to the summit (seasonal operation).


What to do in Snowdonia when the weather is bad:

  1. Visit Zip World for indoor adventures

  2. Explore the National Slate Museum in Llanberis

  3. Take a tour of the Llechwedd Slate Caverns

  4. Visit the Sygun Copper Mine

  5. Enjoy local cuisine in cosy pubs and cafes


Last-minute gear purchases:

Llanberis and Betws-y-Coed have several outdoor equipment shops where you can purchase or rent hiking gear if needed.


Staying safe on Yr Wyddfa/Snowdon:

  1. Always check the weather forecast before setting out

  2. Stick to marked paths unless you're an experienced hiker

  3. Carry appropriate equipment and know how to use it

  4. Be prepared to turn back if conditions worsen

  5. Know how to call for help in an emergency (dial 999 and ask for Mountain Rescue)


Leave No Trace:

When visiting Yr Wyddfa, it's crucial to follow Leave No Trace principles:

  1. Plan ahead and prepare

  2. Travel and camp on durable surfaces

  3. Dispose of waste properly

  4. Leave what you find

  5. Minimize campfire impacts

  6. Respect wildlife

  7. Be considerate of other visitors


By following these guidelines, we can help preserve the beauty of Yr Wyddfa for future generations.


Further Reading:

Remember, climbing Yr Wyddfa is a rewarding experience that requires proper preparation and respect for the mountain environment. Stay safe, enjoy the journey, and don't forget to take in the breathtaking views along the way!




Conquered Yr Wyddfa? What now? Apply for your Official Yr Wyddfa Certification and gain access to exclusive merch!


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